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Over the past 22 years, China has invested US$ 105 billion in Central Asia through development finance, with the China Development Bank (CDB) playing a pivotal role in this process. “Debt-trap Diplomacy” has become a crucial tool for advancing China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as it enters its second decade.
Faculty of World Studies, Tehran, Iran
Ervand Abrahamian, an Armenian-Iranian was Distinguished Professor of History at the City University of New York. He is now Professor Emeritus of History at Baruch College and the Graduate Center in the City University of New York.